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Zhu Zi’s academic master
Author: Chen Lin (provided by Preparation price pttQinghua University Institute of Science and Technology
Source: “Light Sun”
Time: Confucius was the 8th day of the seventh month of Wuxu
Jehoo August 20, 2018
Yin Chen was taught in the lecture on “Zhu Zi’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s One’s It has been spread abroad before, and at that time, it had a serious impact on South Korea, Japan (Japan), Vietnam, and even the entire East Asia region.
Regarding Zhu Zi’s positioning, in the late 1980s, a famous historian Cai Shangsi proposed “East ZhouBaoqing Stationmaster came out of Confucius, and Zhu Xi had Zhu Xi in the Southern Song Dynasty. The ancient Chinese civilization, Mount Tai and Wuyi.” Mount Tai was in the east and Mount Wuyi was in the north. Zhu Xi had been at the foot of Mount Wuyi since he was over ten years old. The meaning of this sentence is that Mount Tai and Wuyi were the two major Cen Ling and important ambitions of the ancient Chinese civilization. The most influence in the history and teaching of Chinese civilization was the first to be Confucius and Zhu Xi. Especially after the Song Dynasty, Confucius, Mencius, Cheng and Zhu became the main guide of our entire social civilization. “The family of Confucius and Mencius and Cheng and Zhu”, that is, every household has no one who does not understand Confucius, Mencius, Cheng and Zhu. Teacher Cai Shangsi actually has a strong criticism for traditional civilization, but he can make such a high evaluation of Zhu Xi’s position in the history of Chinese civilization, indicating that Zhu Xi actually has major contributions in the field of philosophy.
In fact, from the entire three thousand years of history of Chinese civilization, the evaluation of Teacher Cai Shangsi is a must-have. The Xia Dynasty started from the 21st century BC, and it was less than 1,500 years between the Shang and Zhou dynasties and Confucius’s birth (about the 6th century BC). It can be said thatThe civilizations of the three generations were inherited from Confucius, and Confucius made a summary of the Chinese civilization in the past 1,500 years. In this meaning, Confucius is the first major figure in the history of Chinese civilization. Confucius passed by about 1,500 years later. In the Song Dynasty, Zhu Xi (born in 1130), he summarized the Confucianism after Confucius, including inheritance and development. Therefore, if there are two large-scale figures in the history of Chinese civilization, then the first one is Confucius and the second one is Zhu Xi.
Confucius summarized the civilization of ancient times, and he summarized the origin and final development of Chinese civilization. On the one hand, he summarized the late Middle Chinese civilization in the 1500-year-old age of Xia, Shang and Zhou and Mi. On the other hand, through his ideological development, he shaped the atmosphere of the Chinese civilization and the civilized spirit of the Chinese people. Confucian scholars of various eras were inheriting and developing these thoughts of Confucius, and they have always been in the Song Dynasty.
In the Song Dynasty, after the prosperous development of religion and Taoism during the Wei, Han, Sui and Tang Dynasties, the comparison of the scores and spiritual elegance, coupled with the criticism of the national civilization of Wan Yurou and the criticism of Ye Qiuguan, the ideological and civilized nutrition of Buddhism and Taoism, the development of Confucianism became a new Confucianism, that is, the Song and Ming dynasties. Later, the development from the late Southern Song Dynasty to the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties was arranged for several hundred years. The mainstream of Song and Ming Technological Studies was Zhu Zi. Therefore, it is surprising that later generations have such high praise for Zhu Xi.
Huang Zongxi, who was in the Ming and Qing dynasties, used three sentences to combine Zhu Xi’s academic system with “great, as meticulous as possible, and confusing all generations.” “Large” means huge scale, “subtle” means detailed content, and “Liuqi” means his comprehensive and comprehensive cooperation with the entire historical civilization. The stone’s leaves were hurt by netizens and were incompetent.
When the recent 21st century has passed, many people around the world have summarized the most important representative figures of history and civilization in the past 1,000 years, and mentioned five people, including Zhu Xi. In other words, Zhu Xi is not only a person with great influence on Chinese historical civilization, but also a main person who can represent the development of world human historical civilization.
Zhu Zi
Let’s talk about Zhu Xi’s growth history first. Zhu Xi’s ancestors lived in Wuyuan, Huizhou (now Jiangxi). His father, Zhu Song, served in Zhenghe County, Fujian in his early years, and his grandfather was trapped here as he came out. When he arrived in Fujian, his grandfather died of illness. Because he was trapped and unable to get back to his guest residence, he was buried in Zhenghe County. After this family, he came back from the house? “In Fujian.” Zhu Song was promoted to the position of the magistrate of Youxi County, Fujian. After his term, he still had a long time to stay in Youxi, and Zhu Xi was born in Youxi. Qin JingDuring the political period, his father went to court with his subordinates and was wearing a belt in Jianzhou. When Zhu Xi was 14 years old, he lived in Chong’an, Fujian for a long time after he lived in Chong’an, Fujian for a long time. Later, he laid several houses in Wuyi Mountain’s Wuyi Jingshe, and wrote a lecture. In his late years, he arrived in Jianyang and built a Qingzhou Monastery, which later called Kauting Books and School. In other words, Zhu Xi spent the longest time in his life in the northern part of the Guxi area, and his lectures were also important in the Guxi area. He has not been in the foreign service for a long time. The longest time was when he was 50 years old and was in Kangshi, Northeast Jiangdong for more than two years. When he was 65 years old, he was in Changsha, Hunan for less than one year. The rest of his duties were in Fujian. Therefore, the school founded by Zhu Xi was later called Guanxue.
In the Song Dynasty, “同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同同The initial development is called Fengxue, which refers to the study of Zhou Dunxi, a teacher of Cheng Xi and Cheng Ju. The further development is called Luoxue, which is represented by the second Cheng. The further development is called Jingxue, which refers to the secondary school academic represented by Zhang Xiu. Finally, it develops into Jingxue. Therefore, Guanxue also shows that the two-song science has developed to the stage of comprehensive development.
1. Young qualifications
Remember that when Zhu Xi was very young, he would just say something, and his father taught him to understand things and pointed to the sky and taught him that it was heaven. Zhu Xi asked his father what was under heaven, which included his pursuit of the universe. Zhu Xi himself said that this was his job when he was five or six years old.
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